Paint compound.



pigment suitable for use us ssole basis for drstion'process may bearrested.

'drous, butsvliich niuyalso be designated as compounds, are deficient inspreading power,

i s equenee of its quick fcui'nzition of a 321130112);-

of lead which itcsrries in co1nbumtion--hus,

ficient in spreading ow or shall, when ground therein and opplielpaints, spread in a -rapidly.in all respects equal tothe combs -nationof-Dutch lead in linseed oil.

UNITED sTAirns PATENT oFFIoE.

WILLIAMN. BLAKEMAN, JR, OF NEW YORK,- N. Y.

PAINT COMPOUND.

I Application filed January 2e,

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, WILLIAM- N, BLAKE- MAN, J12, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of the boroughof lllsnhettsn, in the city, county,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful improvementsin Paint Con'ipounds, which invention is fully forth in thefollowingspecification.

The object of this invention is to render available foruse, in themanufacture of paint, those pigments which'curry no Water in combination andwerc formerly known as unhy iginents containing nohydroix'yl. Pigments Iree from hydroxyl do not iorni satisfactory andare Very slow in dryin when ground in the usual oil-veh cle; und tchlead, in conceous compound-due to the hydrated oxid heretofore, beenregarded as theonly white aint. y

1 have discovered that .conunercinl linseed and otheroils, can be sotreated that all those pigments which, ordinarily, are desmooth, uniformand elastic film, and d1" This I accomplish byhydreting the oil.

The oil (linseed for examplelmay bellydrated in several ways:

First. it may be exposed in shallow vessels,with broad. surfaces, to theaction of air and li ht, until it has been sufficiently hydratedwhich'mey'require several months, thetiine depending u on climaticconditions. To test the oil, the ii In test me be resorted to: When 100artsof the oi are ground with 24.0 Darts 0 either lead sulfate or sublimed lead, with the usual quantity of comn'iercicl liquid drier, andbeing spread as u paint, it follows the brush in a smooth, h0- mogeneousand uniform" film, does not run, cracker craze, and dries in from 3 to 5hours according to climatic conditions, the oil may be deemed in asatisfactory state for use as a vehiclelor the pigment used, and the hy-Second: The oil mey be placed in vessels having brood surfaces, endthese vessels suspended over abody of Witter, with o coveringarranged loretuin o vnporous st:

Specification of Letters Patent.

in the oil.

few weeks, but may he shortenedto 6'01 8 E stented lilarch 31, 1908.1905. Serial No. 242,504.

inosphero in contact with the oil. This shorten the process to a fewweeks. Third. The oil may placed in vessels haying brood surfaces, withfrom 1/25 to .1

of one per cent. of distilled water distributed on th'ebottoin, andthese vessels exposed to light, and the oil agitated at intervals until,

the water has been absorbed and combined;

This method may also require a days if the. vessels be exposed tocontinuous bright sunlight. v Fourth.v The oil may be booted in a.vessel, suitably arranged for observation, at a; temperature of about140 Fahn, with from 1/25 to 1/20 of one crcent. of distilled Waterdistributed on the iottoni in as small globules as possible to increslsecontact area. The Water will scout-eke on the appearance of encystineut,and I use gentle agitation to break up the encystution usfast sis itforms. until "all has been absorbed and combined in the mass of oil,which will tuke-fron'i S to 10 hours.

Fifth. The oil. may be first oxidized by heating; the raw oil onoxidizers, or by subnntting it, with host, to the action of pure oxygenunder ressure; or by assing through it, with heat, t ioroughly (lIlQCan" or by add 'ing to it a percentage oi highly oxidized, or

boiled, oil, (if-commerce; and then, when the oil has been so oxidizedto any degree desired, it may be hydrated inany of the, ways abovedescribed.

After hydration, the oil may be used immediately as a vehicle, but ifallowed to stand in a closed vessel for a few days, for blend,- ing oraging, it will be found advantageous. I i

Commercial linseed,-tung, or other oils, animal or vegetable, treated bymy process as sbovedescribed, will not be appreciably effected influidity, and an onulysis of the some will show the presence therein ofa hydreted fatty acid ornoidsnot foundin fresh commercial oil. Myhydrated oil will form satisfactory compounds with, and impart s readingpower to,

all pigments ordinarily dc cientiin spreading power when ground in oil.

Among the pigments which may be used, either singly or in combination,are lead 'sdlinto, Iced sulfite, anhydrous carbonate of lead, sublimedlend (also called oxysulfetc or niucmsuliute'of lead) zinc oxid, zincsulfid, ljitilllfll sulfate, cerium rsrbonctc, calcium carbonate,strontium sulfate, strontium car bonate, and the like. Thus, 100 partsof commercial linseed oil, hydrated as above described with 1/20 of onepercent. of water, .when ground with 240 parts of sulfate of dead,6:..2510 arts of zinco-sulfate of lead, or

80- arts eac of lead sulfate and zinc oxid,

an spread asla paint (with the usual quanliquiddrier) will follow thebrush in a smooth and uniform film, in all res ects equal to white leadin linseed oil/and wi dry -in.from 3 to 5 hours accord'u'ig to climaticconditions.

The degree of hydration to beimparted to commerc al oil will dependpartly upon the character of the pigment'withwhich the oil is to beused. From 1/25 to 1/10 of one per 'cent. of water will "be foundsufllcient for nearly all the pigments named, although in making somecombinations of oxids, carbon- 7 ates and other salts, more ma be reuired aimatter which canbe easi y regu ated in practice. For use withlead-pigments, the

i oil should-be hydrated with from 1/25 to' .1/ of one percent. ofwater, while for use with zinc igments from 1/15 to 1/10 of one percent. o water should be-used.

Additional spreading power will be obtained for the paint, if, inaddition to hydrating the oil-vehicle, the pigment be treated bycombining therewith a hydrated metallic or pulp), and, afterattenuatingit in water,

incorporateit with 100 parts of pigment say sublimed lead orzinco'sulfate of lead Enou h water should be used'to-thoroughly wet t epigment and the water afterwards evaporated at a gentle heat. Thehydroxid, if'desired, may be precipitated upon its pig- 'ment atitsfirst formation, but the above method will be found more satisfactoryand exact. Five per cent-or less, of the zinc hydroxid, or otherhydroxid, will be found sufficient a light or bulky pigment requiring alarger percentage than a dense or heavy one.

From 3 /4 of. one per cent. to 1 1/4 per cent; on

' a lead pigirient will be enough for use with a hydrated oil'vehicle:Thus, for example,

100 parts oflinseed oil hydrated with 1/25 of i one per cent. of water,and 240 parts of lead sulfate or lead sulfite, carrying out'one percent. of zinc hydroxid or 100 parts of. linseed oil, hydrated with 1/ 10of one per cent. of water, and 120 parts of zinc oxid or zinc sulfidcarrying per cent. of zinc hydroxid, willforrnsatisfactory compounds.

' It is to be understood that any pigment or combination of pigments,may be ground to a paste forin with from 5 'to 7 per cent. of an oi-V'ehi'cle hydrated sufficiently to form a satisfactory compoundtherewith, and afterwards reduced or extended in untreated com-, mercialoil, exactly as white lead ground in oil is now known to the trade.however, herein specifically claim sucha paste, the same being claimedin my applica tion No. 274,772, filed August 18, 1905. Two or more oils,drying or non-drying, may be combined. to form a vehicle, if desired.Heat, pressure and agitation may be used at an advisa le.

Iwish to draw'a clear distinctionbetween oil carrying interstitialwater, hygrometric water, or water of emulsion, and oil hydrated b myprocess. fi tered out by assing through a hygroscopic salt, or b ieatingto 212 Fahri; and the presence 0 such interstitial water, or water ofemulsion, in a paint, will cause it to disintegrate. chemically combinedwith the oil, and it can be dissociated and driven oil only by raisingthe temperature considerably above the boiling'point (say 280 to-300Fain.)

and it is this chen'ncal combination that 90 causes the oil to form witha pigment a permanent saponaceous compounrh v Having thus fullydescribed ,my invention, I claim:

1. A compound or mixture of a pigment 95 deficient in spreading power,and hydrated fatty oil. I

- 2. A compound or mixture, of a pi ment deficient in spreading power,and a hydrated drying fatty oil.

3. A compound or mixture, of a pigment deficient in spreading power, andan oil oxidized and hydrated. i

4. The process herein described which consists in first hydrating afatty oil and 105 then grinding therein a pigment deficient in spreadingpower. Y

WM. N. BLAKEMAN JR. Witnesses: I

FRANCIS P. RmLL'EY, CHAS. A. KANE.

I do not, 1

stage of the process, if deenn-d Interstitial water may be In my processthe" water is

